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holy shit, the EU made it a legal requirement that you can upload custom firmware to any battery you legally own
(page 138 of https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=consil%3APE_2_2023_REV_1)
![“3. The battery management system shall include a software reset function, in case economic operators carrying out preparation for re-use, preparation for repurposing, repurposing or remanufacturing need to upload different battery management system software. If the software reset function is used, the original battery manufacturer shall not be held liable for any breach of the safety or functionality of the battery [that could be attributed to the new software].”](https://social.noyu.me/fileserver/01K5XEEZF4A486Z2PRS7NHG169/attachment/small/01K44GBTHGENT0S5PSNB58T9EM.jpg "“3. The battery management system shall include a software reset function, in case economic operators carrying out preparation for re-use, preparation for repurposing, repurposing or remanufacturing need to upload different battery management system software. If the software reset function is used, the original battery manufacturer shall not be held liable for any breach of the safety or functionality of the battery [that could be attributed to the new software].”")
![“3. The battery management system shall include a software reset function, in case economic operators carrying out preparation for re-use, preparation for repurposing, repurposing or remanufacturing need to upload different battery management system software. If the software reset function is used, the original battery manufacturer shall not be held liable for any breach of the safety or functionality of the battery [that could be attributed to the new software].”](https://social.noyu.me/fileserver/01K5XEEZF4A486Z2PRS7NHG169/attachment/original/01K44GBTHGENT0S5PSNB58T9EM.png "“3. The battery management system shall include a software reset function, in case economic operators carrying out preparation for re-use, preparation for repurposing, repurposing or remanufacturing need to upload different battery management system software. If the software reset function is used, the original battery manufacturer shall not be held liable for any breach of the safety or functionality of the battery [that could be attributed to the new software].”")
oh, I think this only applies to electric vehicle batteries, light means of transport (e-bikes etc) and stationary battery energy storage systems. still extremely cool. this legislation kicks so much ass in a lot of other ways too
(there are however also provisions that say you can't use software to impede battery replacement in smartphones and similar)